CRDI system includes Engine Control Unit, Fuel Injectors, High Pressure Pumps and various Sensors.

Pump driven by camshaft provides high pressure fuel to all injectors. This pressure level is controlled by ECU depending upon operating speed/power. Each injector has a solenoid valve to accurately control the fuel injection start and duration. ECU controls these parameters based on operating conditions like speed, power, load, Boost Air Pressure, Coolant Temperature etc. This continuous optimization based on various operating conditions is done to reduce fuel consumption and at the same time reduce emissions. In Mechanical fuel injection system, it is not possible to independently control injection start and duration for different operating speeds/powers.

APU is a self-contained system with its own small diesel engine coupled to low capacity compressor and alternator to maintain main reservoir pressure, charge battery, operate driver cabin HVAC system and other small loads as per customer requirement. The main engine is started only when the locomotive is actually required for movement or traction.

The control system on the locomotive continuously monitors the locomotive battery s

Guidance for Optimized Loco Driving (GOLD) system is based on principle that pareto front of different driving strategies for a journey plotted on Journey Time vs Fuel consumed for the journey follows an inverse relationship. Hence, any journey can be completed in different amount of times and there will always be one optimal driving strategy which consumes the least energy (hence fuel) for each journey time.

The system simulates the speed profile for a given trip by taking various factors into account acting on the train. The total available time for a trip is fully utilized to achieve minimum fuel consumption for complete trip. Optimal speed profiles and power (notch) level are continuously displayed to the driver as advisory input.